Water Parameters
Stable parameters are the foundation of fish health.
- Ammonia and nitrite should be 0 ppm.
- Nitrate ideally under 20-40 ppm.
- Match pH and hardness to species needs.
Fish Health and Water Quality
Six essential guides to keep aquariums stable and fish healthy.
Disease Prevention
Most outbreaks start with stress or unstable water.
- Keep a consistent maintenance routine.
- Avoid overstocking and overfeeding.
- Isolate sick fish quickly.
Quarantine Setup
Quarantine new fish for 2-4 weeks before adding them to your main tank.
- Use a bare tank with sponge filter and heater.
- Observe for spots, fin damage, or lethargy.
- Perform small water changes to maintain stability.
Oxygenation
Surface agitation and proper filtration keep oxygen levels stable.
- Aim filter outlets toward the surface.
- Use air stones in warm or crowded tanks.
- Watch for fish gasping at the surface.
Medication Basics
Always dose medications based on tank volume, not the label estimate.
- Remove carbon media before medicating.
- Increase aeration during treatment.
- Follow the full course even if symptoms improve.
Emergency Signs
Rapid breathing, severe lethargy, or mass die-off signals immediate action.
- Test water parameters immediately.
- Perform a large water change if needed.
- Seek expert advice for unknown illness.